Ventilating system for buildings



(No Model.) 2 ShetsSl1eet 1. J. O. BENNETT. VENTILATING SYSTEM FOR BUILDINGS.

No. 453,827. Patented June 9,1891.

0., Pawn-urn (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 J. 0. BENNETT. VENTILATING SYSTEM FOR BUILDINGS.

No. 453,827. Patented June 9,1891.

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NTTE STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSIAH C. BENNETT, OF LYNN, MASSAOHUSETS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO FREDERICK Ii. \VIIIT 2, OF SAME PLACE, AND CHARLES A. KIMPTON,

OF MALDEN, MASSACHUSETTS.

VENTILATING SYSTEM FOR BUILDINGS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 453,827, dated June 9, 1891.

Application filed June 1, 1889. Serial No. 312,852. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, JosIAn C. BENNETT, of Lynn, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ventilating Systems for Buildings, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has for its object to provide an improved apparatus for removing vitiated air from apartments in school and other buildings, and particularly to remove gases and odors from the sanitary apartments or portions of such buildings.

The invention consists in the provision of means for injecting air into a closet apart.

ment which is connected by a line with a ventilating-shaft, the said flue connecting the vault or space below the seats with the ventilating-shaft, while the injected air enters said vault or space at points immediately under the seats, and thereby creates a constant downward draft through the seats, the injected air and the gases in the said vault or space being drawn through' the ventilating- 2 5 shaft.

The invention also consists in certain minor incidental improvements, all of which I will now proceed to describe.

In the accompanying drawings forming a 0 part of this specification, Figure 1 represents a sectional elevation of a portion of a building having my improvements. Fig. 2 represents a section on line a: :r, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 represents a detail. I

The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures.

In the drawings, a a represent class-rooms or ordinary living apartments in a schoolbuilding, and 0/ represents the apartment 40 containing the sanitary closets Z).

0 represents the ventilating-shaft, which is located at any convenient part of the building and extends vertically from the basement or lower portion to the top of the building, its discharge end being preferably above the roof.

d represents an exhaust-fan or air-forcing apparatus of any suitable kind located in the shaft 0 and driven by power applied in any convenient way. I have here shown a steamengine 6, located in one of the apartments of the building, and having its shaft connected by a belt f with a counter-shaft g, the latter being connected by a belt h with the shaft of the fan (1. 5

t 2' represent flues communicating with the apartments a a through registers or openings j j in the walls thereof, and extending from thence to the ventilating-shaft 0, so as to con duct air from said apartments to said shaft, the registers or openings j being located at any suitable points. I prefer to provide two registers for each apartment (1, one being located near the ceiling and the other near the floor. 6 5

m represents the vault or space under the closets b, and n represents a flue connecting said vault with the ventilating-shaft, so that the air and gases are drawn from the vault into the ventilating-shaft. 7o

0 represents an air-pipe arranged just behind the seats Z) of the closets, and provided with branches or nozzles 0 extending below the seats. The pipe 0 is connected with a blower p, which forces air through said pipe and injects it in jets through the branches or nozzles 0 into the vault at points close to the seats. The jets or currents of air thus injected induce a constant downward draft through the closet-seats, so that there is no So liability of the upward passage of gases and odors through said seats into the apartment.

If desired, the strong downward draft or current through the seat may be prevented while the seat is occupied, to avoid exposure 8 5 of the person to such draft or current, by closing the branch or nozzle 0 of the occupied seat. I have shown in Figs. 2 and 3 a valve q in the nozzle 0 arranged to be closed by the raising of the cover Z) of the seat which said nozzle accompanies. hen said seat is closed, the valve is automatically opened by a spring 5 or other suitable contrivance. As here shown, the stem of the valve g is provided with an arm '2', which bears 9 5 on. the cover I), said stem being provided with. a spring 3, which holds the said arm against the cover I) with a yielding pressure.

"When the cover is raised, the arm is turned thereby to open thevalve, and when the cover is closed the spring closes the valve. Any other suitable devices may be employed for the same purpose.

' The air forced through the pipe and nozzle 0' may be supplied by a blower 19 through a pipe or trunk 19, of which the pipe 0 is a branch. Said pipe p and blower 19 may be a part of the heating and ventilating system shown in application of O. A. Kimpton for Letters Patent filed April 5, 1889, Serial No.

I the ventilating-shaft and the exhaust-fan.

306,089, warm air being supplied to the blower by a heater 7", and conducted by the pipe 19 to the rooms a a. The air injected into the vault on may, therefore, be heated and the fecal matter in the vault will be rapidly dried by the passage of the heated air over it, so that it may be removed in a comparatively inoffensive condition.

I have here shown removable receptacles u placed under the seats I) and supported by parallel bars 12, constituting a grating through which the air may pass freely. A

10 represents an elongated trough-shaped urinal connected by a pipe w with a sewer.

a; represents an elongated hood located over the urinal and connected with theventilating-shaft by a pipe 'y, through which the odors and gases from the urinal pass to said shaft.

It will be seen that by the employment of therein a constant and uniform flow of air may be maintained from the apartments connected with the ventilating-shaft, the force of the air-currents being to a great extent independent of atmospheric conditions. It will also be seen that the natural upward draft in the ventilating-shaft is a constant factor, (although of varying force,) so that greater pulling or exhausting force is exerted on the air vault near the seat or seats, and means for V.

injecting air through said pipe into the vault, as set forth.

2. In a ventilating system for buildings, the combination, substantially as hereinbefore described, of a ventilating-shaft, air-forcing apparatus therein, a vault to receive fecal matter, a seat or seats communicating with said vault and located in an apartment above the same, a flue connecting the vault with the ventilating-shaft, an air-pipe entering the vault near the seat or seats, an air-heating apparatus communicating with said pipe, and a blower whereby heated air may be injected through said' pipe into the vault, as set forth.

3. The combination of the vault, aseat communicating therewith, the air-injecting pipe entering the vault near the seat, the hinged cover for the seat, and a valve in the air-pipe adapted to be closed by the raising of the cover and opened by the closing of the cover, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 22d day of May, A. D. 1889.

JOSIAH C. BEVNETT.

Witnesses:

O. F. BROWN, A. D. HARRISON. 

